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SPECIFICATION Project namePage i1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 11.1 GENERAL 11.2 CONTRACTS AND FINANCE 11.3 AUTHORITIES AND ESTABLISHMENT 11.4 EXECUTION AND COMPLETION 21.5 TERMITE PROTECTION 21.6 TIMBER GENERALLY 32 SITE PREPARATION 42.1 GENERAL 42.2 DEMOLITION NOT USED 42.3 TREES TO BE RETAINED 42.4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 42.5 SITE CLEARING 52.6 EXCAVATION 52.7 SURFACE PREPARATION 52.8 PILING NOT USED 62.9 SERVICE TRENCHES 63 CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION 73.1 GENERAL 73.2 GROUND SLAB VAPOUR BARRIER 73.3 REINFORCEMENT 73.4 CONCRETE 73.5 JOINTS 83.6 CONCRETE BEARER SUPPORTS 84 TIMBER AND STEEL CONSTRUCTION 94.1 GENERAL 94.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 94.3 CONSTRUCTION GENERALLY 104.4 FLOORS 104.5 WALL FRAMING 104.6 ROOF AND CEILING FRAMING 114.7 ROOF TRUSSES 114.8 TIMBER ROOF TRIM 125 BRICK AND BLOCK CONSTRUCTION 135.1 GENERAL 135.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 135.3 CONSTRUCTION GENERALLY 145.4 BEARER SUPPORTS 145.5 DAMP-PROOF COURSES 155.6 CAVITY MASONRY WALLS 155.7 WALL TIES 165.8 AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE WALLS NOT USED 165.9 CONTROL OF MOVEMENT 165.10 STEEL LINTELS 175.11 BAGGING 17SPECIFICATION Project namePage ii6 INSULATION AND SARKING 186.1 GENERAL 186.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 186.3 INSTALLATION 187 ROOFING 207.1 GENERAL 207.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 207.3 TILING 207.4 METAL ROOFING 207.5 ROOF PLUMBING 218 CLADDING 228.1 GENERAL 228.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 228.3 HARDBOARD CLADDING 228.4 TIMBER BOARD CLADDING 228.5 FIBRE CEMENT CLADDING 238.6 METAL CLADDING NOT USED 238.7 PLASTIC CLADDING 238.8 AAC CLADDING NOT USED 249 DOORS AND WINDOWS 259.1 GENERAL 259.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 259.3 CONSTRUCTION GENERALLY 269.4 TIMBER DOORS 269.5 SLIDING INTERNAL DOORS 279.6 WARDROBES 279.7 GARAGE DOORS 279.8 LOCKSETS 2810 LINING 2910.1 GENERAL 2910.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 2910.3 SHEET LINING 2910.4 TONGUE AND GROOVE FLOORING 3010.5 TRIM 3011 TROWELLED COATINGS 3111.1 GENERAL 3111.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 3111.3 SUBSTRATE 3111.4 PLASTERING 3211.5 CEMENT BASED FLOOR TOPPINGS (GRANO) 3212 BLOCK AND TILE FINISHES 34SPECIFICATION Project namePage iii12.1 GENERAL 3412.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 3412.3 WATERPROOFING WET AREAS 3512.4 TILING 3513 FLOOR COATINGS AND COVERINGS 3713.1 GENERAL 3713.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 3713.3 SUBSTRATE 3713.4 LAYING CARPET 3813.5 LAYING RESILIENT FINISHES 3814 PAINTING 3914.1 GENERAL 3914.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 3914.3 PAINTING 3915 TIMBER FIXTURES 4215.1 GENERAL 4215.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 4215.3 CONSTRUCTION GENERALLY 4215.4 TIMBER STAIRS AND BALUSTRADES 4315.5 DOMESTIC KITCHEN ASSEMBLIES 4315.6 CUPBOARD AND DRAWER UNITS 4315.7 BENCHTOPS 4415.8 CEILING AND UNDER FLOOR ACCESS 4415.9 SCHEDULE 4416 PLUMBING AND DRAINAGE 4616.1 GENERAL 4616.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 4616.3 CONSTRUCTION GENERALLY 4716.4 STORMWATER 4716.5 WASTEWATER 4816.6 FRESH WATER 4816.7 RAINWATER TANKS 4816.8 GAS 4917 ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL INSTALLATIONS 5017.1 GENERAL 5017.2 COMPONENTS 5017.3 INSTALLATION 5118 FENCES AND EXTERNAL WALLS 5318.1 GENERAL 5318.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 5318.3 CONSTRUCTION GENERALLY 5418.4 GATES 54SPECIFICATION Project namePage iv18.5 BRICK FENCES 5519 LANDSCAPING 5619.1 GENERAL 5619.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 5619.3 PREPARATION 5619.4 SUBSOIL 5619.5 TOPSOIL 5619.6 TURFING 5719.7 PLANTING 5719.8 MULCHING 5819.9 STAKES AND TIES 5820 PAVING AND ROADS 5920.1 GENERAL 5920.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 5920.3 CONSTRUCTION GENERALLY 5920.4 BASE COURSE 5920.5 BITUMINOUS PAVING 5920.6 UNIT PAVING 6020.7 IN SITU CONCRETE PAVING 6021 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 62SPECIFICATION Project namePage 11 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS1.1 GENERALInterpretationOwner: Means the same as “principal” or “proprietor”.Contractor: Means the same as “builder”.Supply: Means “supply only” – do not allow for installation.Provide: Means “supply and install”.Required: Means required by the contract documents or by the local council orstatutory authorities.Proprietary or Trade: Means identifiable by naming the manufacturer, supplier,installer, trade name, brand name, and catalogue or reference number.StandardsUse referenced Australian or other standards (including amendments) which arecurrent one month before the date of the contract except where other editions oramendments are required.Manufacturers’ or suppliers’ recommendationsSelect, store, handle and install proprietary products or systems in accordance withthe current published recommendations of the manufacturer or supplier.Bushfire protectionIf required, provide protection to AS 3959 (Construction of buildings in bushfireprone areas).1.2 CONTRACTS AND FINANCEGeneral conditions? ABIC Lump Sum ContractPayment and adjustment of contract sumAt commencement of the building work, submit a schedule of anticipated progressclaims which will be made throughout the contract.Progress claims break-down: With each progress claim, submit a statement ofamounts claimed in respect of each section or trade heading designated in thespecification.1.3 AUTHORITIES AND ESTABLISHMENTPrior applications and approvals? NilExisting servicesAttend to existing services as follows:? If the service is to be continued, repair, divert or relocate as required. If such aservice crosses the line of a required trench, or will lose support when thetrench is excavated, provide permanent support for the existing service.? If the service is to be abandoned, cut and seal or disconnect, and make safe.Temporary services and worksProvide temporary toilet accommodation. Connect to the sewer main if required bythe Local Authority.Use of existing services? Existing services may be used as temporaryservices for the performance of the contract. >SPECIFICATION Project namePage 2SignsProvide a signboard displaying the owner/s name, the lot number and the builder’sname, address and licence number.1.4 EXECUTION AND COMPLETIONSurvey marksPreserve and maintain the owners survey marks in their true positions.Rectification: If the proprietor’s survey marks are disturbed or obliterated,immediately give notice and rectify the disturbance or obliteration.Hours of work? In accordance with Council approvalOrder of work? At the Contractors discretionRemoval of temporary work, services and plantRemove temporary work services and construction plant within 10 working daysafter practical completion.Rectification: Clean and repair damage caused by the installation or use oftemporary work and services and restore existing facilities used duringconstruction to original condition.Final cleaningRemove rubbish and surplus material from the site and clean the work throughout.WarrantiesName the owner as warrantee and give the owner copies of manufacturers’warranties.Instruction manualsGive the owner manufacturers’ instruction manuals.OperationEnsure moving parts operate safely and smoothly.Termite barriersProvide a durable notice permanently fixed and located in or near the meter box asrequired by Part 3.1.3 BCA 96 Volume 2.Surveyor’s certificateGive the owner a certificate which confirms that the work, including boundaryfences, has been correctly located.Services layoutGive the owner a plan which shows the location of underground services.Authorities’ approvalsGive the owner evidence of approval of the local council and statutory authoritieswhose requirements apply to the work.KeysGive the owner two keys for each set of locks keyed alike and two keys for eachlock keyed to differ.1.5 TERMITE PROTECTIONGeneralStandard: To AS 3660.1 (Protection of buildings from subterranean termites –Prevention, detection and treatment of infestation – New buildings).? Method: >TermimeshChemical soil barriers – reticulation systems: Submit evidence that the system hasbeen type tested to AS 3660.1 (Protection of buildings from subterranean termites –Prevention, detection and treatment of infestation – New buildings) Appendix D.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 31.6 TIMBER GENERALLYUnseasoned timberIf unseasoned timber is provided, or variations in moisture content are likely, makeallowance for shrinkage, swelling and differential movement.DurabilityGeneral: Provide timbers with natural durability appropriate to the conditions ofuse, or preservative-treated timbers of equivalent durability.Natural durability classification: To AS 1604 (Timber – Preservative-treated – Sawnand round) Table F2.Minimum requirements:? Class 1: Timbers in contact with the ground.? Class 2: Timbers above ground, not in continuous contact with moisture, wellventilated, protected from moisture but exposed to the weather.? Class 3: Timbers above ground, not in continuous contact with moisture, wellventilated, protected with a finish, and well maintained.? Class 4: Timbers fully protected from moisture, indoors, above ground, and wellventilated.Preservative treatmentStandard: To AS 1604 (Timber – Preservative treated – Sawn and round).Hazard classification: To AS 1604 (Timber – Preservative treated – Sawn andround) Table D1.CCA (copper chrome arsenic) preservative: Type1.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 42 SITE PREPARATION2.1 GENERALExtent of workIncludes; excavation for SW, Sewer drains, footings; site benching for slabs;driveway, paths and landscaping;StandardGroundworks for slabs and footings: To AS 2870 (Residential slabs and footings –Construction).InterpretationRock: Monolithic material with volume greater than 0.5 m3 which cannot beremoved until broken up by mechanical means such as rippers or percussion tools.Bad ground: Ground unsuitable for the work, including fill liable to subsidence,ground containing cavities, faults or fissures, ground contaminated by harmfulsubstances and ground which is, or becomes, soft, wet or unstable.Line of influence: A line extending downward and outward from the bottom edge ofa footing, slab or pavement and defining the extent of foundation material havinginfluence on the stability or support of the footings, slab or pavement.Subgrade: The trimmed or prepared portion of the formation on which thepavement or slab is constructed.Immediate noticeIf rock or bad ground is encountered, advise the owner immediately.ExplosivesDo not use explosives.2.2 Not Used2.3 TREES TO BE RETAINEDExisting trees, plants and shrubs? Trees, plants and shrubs to be retained:> marked with red hessian band? Trees, plants and shrubs to be removed:> marked white paintMarkingMark trees which are required to be retained using suitable non-injurious, easilyvisible and removable means of identification. Remove the identification oncompletion.ProtectionProtect from damage trees which are required to be retained. Do not removetopsoil from the area within the dripline of the trees and keep this area free ofconstruction material and debris.ExcavationIf excavating near trees required to be retained, use hand methods to locate,expose and cleanly remove the roots on the line of excavation.2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONErosion controlAvoid erosion, contamination, and sedimentation of the site, surrounding areas,and drainage systems.DewateringKeep the site free of water and prevent water flow over new work.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 52.5 SITE CLEARINGExtentLimit clearing to areas to be occupied by construction, paving or landscaping.Clearing operationsRemove everything on or above the site surface, including rubbish, scrap, grass,vegetable matter and organic debris, scrub, trees, timber, stumps, boulders andrubble. Remove grass to a depth just sufficient to include the root zone.GrubbingGrub out or grind stumps and roots over 75 mm diameter to a minimum depth of500 mm below subgrade under construction, and 300 mm below the finishedsurface in unpaved areas.Removal of topsoilGeneral: Remove the topsoil layer of the natural ground which contains substantialorganic matter over the areas to be occupied by construction and paving.Maximum depth: 100 mm.Topsoil stockpilesStockpile site topsoil required for re-use. Protect stockpiles from contamination byother excavated material, weeds and building debris.Surplus materialTake possession of surplus material and remove it from the site.2.6 EXCAVATIONExtentExcavate to give the levels and profiles required for construction, site services,paving, and landscaping. Allow for compaction or settlement.FoundationsAfter excavation, confirm that the bearing capacity is adequate.Under-floor accessProvide a minimum clearance to underside of timber bearers of 400 mm.Bearing surfacesProvide even plane bearing surfaces for load-bearing elements including footings.Step for level changes. Make the steps to the appropriate courses if supportingmasonry.ReinstatementIf excavation exceeds the required depth, or deteriorates, reinstate with fill to thecorrect depth, level and bearing value.Existing footingsIf excavation is required below the line of influence of an existing footing, usemethods which maintain the support of the footing and ensure that the structureand finishes supported by the footing are not damaged.GradingGrade the ground surface externally and under suspended floors to drain groundor surface water away from buildings without ponding.2.7 SURFACE PREPARATIONGeneralBefore placing fill, ground slabs or load-bearing elements, remove loose material,debris and organic matter and compact the ground to achieve the required density.Placing fillPlace fill in layers and compact each layer to achieve the required density.Moisture contentIf necessary to achieve the required density or moisture content, adjust themoisture content of the fill before compaction.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 62.8 PILING NOT USEDBored piersAfter excavating bored piers, remove loose material and water from the base andconfirm the bearing capacity. Do not allow loose material to fall down the holebefore or during concreting; provide a liner if necessary.Timber piled footing systemProvide a proprietary system designed to AS 2870-1996 (Residential slabs andfootings – Construction).Screw-in foundationsProvide a proprietary system designed to AS 2159-1995 (Piling – Design andinstallation).2.9 SERVICE TRENCHESExcavationGenerally, make trenches straight between manholes, inspection points andjunctions, with vertical sides and uniform grades.Trench widthsKeep trench widths to the minimum consistent with the laying and bedding of therelevant service and construction of manholes and pits.BackfillingGeneral: Backfill service trenches as soon as possible after laying the service.Place backfill in layers. Compact each layer to a density sufficient to minimisesettlement.Backfill material: Excavated spoil or well graded inorganic material with maximumparticle size of 75 mm.? Next to services: Do not place any particles greater in size than 25 mm within150 mm of services.? Under paved areas: Coarse sand, controlled low strength material or finecrushed rock.? In reactive clay sites classified M, H or E to AS 2870 (Residential slabs andfootings – Construction): Impervious material.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 73 CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION3.1 GENERALExtent of work;Includes; footings, slab, paths,Cross referenceRefer to the General requirements section for termite protection.StandardsConcrete structures generally: To AS 3600 (Concrete structures).Ground slabs and footings: To AS 2870 (Residential slabs and footings –Construction).3.2 GROUND SLAB VAPOUR BARRIERMaterialGeneral: Provide a proprietary vapour barrier which consists of high impactresistant polyethylene film minimum 0.2 mm thick which has been pigmented andbranded by the manufacturer.? Type: > ‘Fortecon’ orange gradeBase preparationBlind the surface with sufficient sand to cover any hard projections. Wet the sandjust before placing the vapour barrier.3.3 REINFORCEMENTMinimum lapSplice as follows:? Mesh generally: 225 mm.? Trench mesh: 500 mm.? Bars: Greater of either 500 mm or 25 x bar diameter.? Strip footing intersections and corners: For full width of intersectingreinforcement.Minimum coverUnprotected by membrane on ground or external surfaces: 40 mm.Protected by membrane on ground: 30 mm.Internal surfaces: 20 mm.Aggressive soil or salty environment: 65 mm.3.4 CONCRETEReady mixed supplyStandard: To AS 1379 (Specification and supply of concrete).Maximum slump: 100 mm.Concrete placingDepth: If concrete is deeper than 350 mm, place it in layers so that eachsucceeding layer is blended into the preceding one by the compaction process.Slabs and pavements: Place concrete uniformly over the width of the slab so thatthe face is gener

ally vertical and normal to the direction of placing.CompactionVibrate concrete to remove entrapped air, but avoid over-vibration that may causesegregation.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 8CuringProtection: Protect concrete from premature drying and from excessive hot, coldand/or windy conditions.Method: Cure concrete by? using a proprietary curing compound; or? keeping it covered and moist for the following periods:? In-ground footings: 2 days.? Exposed footings, beams and slabs: 7 days.Formwork removalRemove timber formwork.Stripping times (not used)Leave formwork for suspended structures in place after pouring concrete for thefollowing periods:? Vertical surfaces: 2 days.? Bottom surfaces: 7 days with shoring and backprops left in position for 21 days.3.5 JOINTSConstruction jointsJoint preparation: Roughen and clean the hardened concrete joint surface, removeloose or soft material, free water and foreign matter. Dampen the surface beforeplacing the concrete.Slip jointsIf concrete slabs are supported on masonry, provide proprietary pre-lubricated slipjoints.3.6 CONCRETE BEARER SUPPORTSGeneralProvide proprietary precast stumps to support bearers at 1800 mm maximumcentres.Concrete stumpsGeneral: Set stumps 25 to 50 mm into concrete pad footings.Marking: Maker’s name on one face.Bracing: Brace stumps which project above the ground by more than 12 times thewidth of their smallest face.Concrete stump construction tableProvide sizes and reinforcement as follows: Length (mm)Size (mm)ReinforcementUp to 1400100 x 100 x 110 diameterOne 5 mm hard drawn wire1401 – 1800100 x 100 or 110 diameterTwo 5 mm hard drawn wires1801 – 3000125 x 125 or 140 diameterTwo 5 mm hard drawn wires SPECIFICATION Project namePage 94 TIMBER AND STEEL CONSTRUCTION4.1 GENERALExtent of workIncludes; framed walls, ceiling and roof trussesCross referencesRefer to the following sections:? General requirements, for termite protection and timber durability.? Concrete construction, for concrete bearer supports.? Brick and block construction, for clearance for timber frame shrinkage andmasonry bearer supports.? Block and tile finishes, for waterproofing of wet areas.? Painting, for priming of steel and timber before fixing, and repair of zinc-coatedsteel after cutting and welding.StandardsTimber framing and flooring: To AS 1684 (National Timber Framing Code) orAS 1720.1 (Timber structures – Design methods).Structural steelwork: To AS 1250 (The use of steel in structures) or AS 4100-1998(Steel structures).Cold-formed steel framing: Provide a proprietary system designed to AS 3623(Domestic metal framing).Preparation of metal surfaces: To AS 1627 Various (Metal finishing – Preparationand pre-treatment of surfaces).4.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTSCold-formed steel framingCold-form sections from zinc-coated steel or aluminium/zinc alloy coated steel toAS 1397 (Steel sheet and strip – Hot-dipped zinc-coated or aluminium/zinccoated)/Z200 or AZ175.Self-drilling screwsStandard: To AS 3566 (Screws – Self-drilling – For the building and constructionindustries) corrosion resistance class 2.Flashings and damp-proof coursesStandard: To AS/NZS 2904 (Damp-proof courses and flashings).Timber fastenersMetal washers: Provide washers to the heads and nuts of all bolts and coachscrews.Steel straps: Zinc-coated steel to AS 1397 (Steel sheet and strip – Hot-dipped zinccoated or aluminium/zinc-coated)/Z275, minimum size 25 x 1 mm or 30 x 0.8 mm.GalvanizingGalvanize mild steel components (including fasteners) to AS 1214 (Hot-dipgalvanized coatings on threaded fasteners (ISO metric coarse thread series)) orAS 1650 (Hot-dipped galvanized coatings on ferrous articles), as appropriate, if? exposed to weather;? embedded in masonry; or? in contact with chemically treated timber.Timber roof trusses? Type: > ‘W type’ Gangnail trussesSPECIFICATION Project namePage 104.3 CONSTRUCTION GENERALLYWeldingStandard: To AS/NZS 1554. (Structural steel welding – Welding of steel structures).GrommetsProvide grommets to isolate piping and wiring from cold-formed steel framing.SwarfRemove swarf and other debris from cold-formed steel framing immediately after itis deposited.CCA (copper chrome arsenic)-treated timberGreasing: Before placing bolts in contact with CCA-treated timber, coat the shankof the bolt in grease or a bituminous coating.Steel framing: Do not fix CCA-treated timber in contact with cold-formed steelframing.Priming steelBefore fixing, prime steel which is not galvanized or zinc-coated.4.4 FLOORSGeneralStandard: To AS 1684 (National Timber Framing Code).Strip flooringWeather: Do not fix strip flooring until the work is weathertight.? Type: > T&G 95×22 Aust blackbuttParticleboard flooringStandards: To AS/NZS 1859.1 (Reconstituted wood-based panels– Particleboard) and install to AS 1860 (Installation of particleboard flooring).Junctions: Sand junctions lightly to a smooth, level surface.Fibre cement flooringCompressed sheets: To AS 2908.2 (Cellulose-cement products – Flat sheets), typeA, category 4.Minimum thickness:? Joist spacing up to 450 mm: 15 mm.? Joist spacing 450 – 600 mm: 18 mm.Plywood flooringStandard: To AS/NZS 2269 (Plywood – Structural), bond type A, tongue andgrooved.Minimum thickness (F8):? Joist spacing up to 450 mm: 14 mm.? Joist spacing 450 – 600 mm: 19.5 mm.Minimum thickness (F11):? Joist spacing up to 450 mm: 13 mm.? Joist spacing 450 – 600 mm: 18.5 mm.4.5 WALL FRAMINGTimber wall framingProvide gauged timbers for studs, noggings and plates in double-faced walls.Additional supportGeneral: Provide additional support in the form of noggings, trimmers and studs forfixing lining, cladding, hardware, accessories, fixtures and fittings as necessary.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 11Maximum spacing of noggings: 1350 mm centres.Vermin barriers for suspended floorsMasonry veneer barrier: Secure 10 mm galvanized wire mesh to the underside ofthe bottom plate of external stud walls, extending across the cavity for building intobrickwork.Damp-proof coursesClad-frame walls: Provide damp-proof courses under the bottom plate of externalclad-frame walls built off slabs or masonry dwarf walls.FlashingsProvide flashings to external openings sufficient to prevent the entry of moisture.4.6 ROOF AND CEILING FRAMINGWall platesFixing: Fix timber wall plates to masonry, with either straps or bolts.Steel zinc-coated straps: In cavities. Build bottom end 75 mm into brickwork,1200 mm below plate. Bend top end over plate and fix with galvanized fastenings.? Coating class: Z275.? Size: 25 x 1 mm or 30 x 0.8 mm.Bolts: 10 mm diameter hot dip galvanized steel, embedded at least 150 mm intothe wall structure of solid masonry external walling or the top bond beam of loadbearing hollow block external walling.Nailing stripsWhere timber joists, rafters or purlins bear on steel members, provide 50 mm thicknailing strips bolted to the flange of the steel member at 450 mm maximumcentres.Strutted framingGeneral: Construct traditional timber pitched roof framing consisting of rafters andceiling joists supported at intermediated points by a system of underpurlins struttedoff walls or strutting beams and braced by collar ties, and ceiling hanging beams.Beam framingGeneral: Construct framing for flat or pitched roofs where the ceiling follows theroof line, consisting of rafters or purlins acting as beams to support both ceiling androof covering.Blocking: Where the depth of rafters or purlins is at least 4 x width, provide solidblocking between them at the support points and at 1.8 mm maximum intervalsbetween supports.Ridge straps: Butt ends of rafters together at ridge, and strap each pair togetherwith 900 mm long steel strap passing over the ridge, triple-nailed to each rafter.Supports for water containersWhere a water container or heater is located in the roof space, provide a supportplatform to AS/NZS 3500.4.2 (National Plumbing and Drainage – Hot water supplysystems – Acceptable solutions) clause 4.5.Additional supportProvide a frame member behind every joint in fibre cement sheeting or lining.Anti-ponding boardsStandard: To AS/NZS 4200.2 (Pliable building materials and underlays –Installation requirements).4.7 ROOF TRUSSESFabricationAssembly: Factory-assemble trusses.Camber: 10 mm upward in bottom chord.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 12Connections: Connector plates pressed to contact with the truss members. Noknots in plate area.Joints: No gaps greater than 2 mm.Overhangs: Free from spring or splits.InstallationGeneral: To AS 4440 (Installation of nail plated timber trusses).Support: Support trusses on bottom chord at two points only, unless designed foradditional support.Vertical movement: Over internal walls provide at least 10 mm vertical clearanceand use bracing methods which allow for vertical movements.4.8 TIMBER ROOF TRIMPriming timberPrime exposed timber all round before fixing and re-prime cut edges if trimmed insitu.Fascia, valley gutter and barge boardsMinimum thickness:? Fixed at up to 600 mm centres: 19 mm.? Fixed at 600 – 900 mm centres: 32 mm.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 135 BRICK AND BLOCK CONSTRUCTION5.1 GENERALExtent of workInclusions; veneer brick walls, garden walls, brick pavingCross referencesRefer to the following sections:? General requirements, for termite protection.? Timber and steel construction, for structural steelwork.StandardMasonry generally: To AS 3700 (Masonry structures).Masonry units: To AS/NZS 4455 (Masonry units and segmental pavers).5.2 MATERIALS AND COMPONENTSSteel componentsGalvanizing: Galvanize mild steel components (including fasteners) to AS 1214-1983 (Hot-dip galvanized coatings on threaded fasteners (ISO metric coarsethread series)), or AS 1650 (Hot-dipped galvanized coatings on ferrous articles), asappropriate.Masonry units? Type: >dry pressed? Manufacturer: >Boral? Size: >230x110x65? Colour: >charcoal? Feature colour: >orangeClay bricks durabilityBelow damp-proof course: Use exposure category to AS/NZS 4456.10 (Masonryunits and segmental pavers – Method of test – Method 10: Determining resistanceto salt attack) Appendix A (Salt attack resistance categories).Flashings and damp-proof coursesStandard: To AS/NZS 2904 (Damp-proof courses and flashings).Mortar materialsSand: Fine aggregate with a low clay content and free from efflorescing salts,selected for grading and colour for facework.Additives: Do not provide additives unless required.? Mortar colour: >whiteMortar mix tableProvide mortar mixes as follows: Mortar proportions(cement:lime:sand)Location1:0:5 + water thickenerConcrete or calcium silicate masonry1:0:4 + water thickenerGrouted and reinforced masonry1:0 – 0.25:3Underpinning, high strength masonry1:1:6Other masonry SPECIFICATION Project namePage 145.3 CONSTRUCTION GENERALLYJoints and cuttingSet out masonry with joints of uniform width and the minimum cutting of masonryunits. Perpends are to line with one another in full height of walls.JointsExternally: Tool to give a dense water-shedding finish.Internally: Rake to give a key if wall is to be plastered.? Type: >Rod76 mm high bricks: 7 courses to 600 mm.90 mm high bricks: 6 courses to 600 mm.190 mm high blocks: 3 courses to 600 mm.BondSingle leaf construction: Stretcher bond.PerpendsKeep perpends in alternate courses vertically aligned and fill them completely withmortar.Colour mixingIn facework, distribute the colour range of units evenly to prevent colourconcentrations.Sills and thresholdsSolidly bed masonry sills and thresholds and lay them so that the top surfacesdrain away from the building.AppearanceLeave facework clear of mortar smears, stains and discolouration. Do not cleanusing an acid solution and do not erode joints if using pressure spraying.Chimneys and fireplacesFollow the guidelines given in SAA HB33 (Domestic open fire places).5.4 BEARER SUPPORTSBearer piers tableProvide engaged or free standing unreinforced masonry piers as follows to supportbearers at 1800 mm maximum centres: TypeMinimum size (mm)Engaged230 x 110 bonded or tied to wallsFreestanding up to 1500 mm high230 x 230Freestanding 1500 mm to 2700 mm high350 x 350 Access openingsIn internal walls below suspended ground floors, leave door-width openingsbeneath doorways to give access to underfloor areas.Air ventsGeneral: Provide air vents to give adequate cross ventilation to the space undersuspended ground floors. In cavity walls, provide an equal number of matchingvents in the internal leaves located as near as practicable to the air vents in theexternal leaves.Minimum provision: 8400 mm2 net ventilation area per linear metre of wall.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 155.5 DAMP-PROOF COURSESLocationProvide damp-proof courses in the following locations:? Walls adjoining infill floor slabs on membranes: In the course above theunderside of the slab in internal walls and inner leaves of cavity walls. Project40 mm and dress down over the membrane turned up against the wall.? Cavity walls built off slabs on ground: In the bottom course of the outer leaf,continuous horizontally across the cavity and up the inner face bedded inmortar, turned 30 mm into the inner leaf one course above; or, in masonryveneer construction, fastened to the inner frame 75 mm above floor level.? Internal walls built off slabs on ground: In the first course above floor level.? At timber floors: In the first course below the level of the underside of groundfloor timbers in internal walls and inner leaves of cavity walls.InstallationLay in long lengths. Lap the full width of angles and intersections and 150 mm atjoints. Step as necessary, but not more than two courses per step. Preservecontinuity of damp-proofing at junctions of damp-proof courses and waterproofmembranes. Install at least 150 mm above adjacent finished ground. Sandwichdamp-proof courses between mortar.5.6 CAVITY MASONRY WALLSMinimum cavity widthMasonry walls: 50 mm ±10 mm.Masonry veneer walls: 25 mm between the masonry leaf and the load-bearingframe and 40 mm between the masonry leaf and sheet bracing, if any.OpeningsDo not close the cavity at the jambs of external openings.Cavity flashingsLocation: Provide flashings in the following locations:? Floors: Full width of outer leaf immediately above slab, continuous across cavityand up the inner face bedded in mortar, turned 30 mm into the inner leaf twocourses above.? Under sills: 30 mm into the outer leaf bed joint one course below the sill,extending up across the cavity and under the sill in the inner leaf or the frame.Extend at least 150 mm beyond the reveals on each side of the opening.? Over lintels to openings: Full width of outer leaf immediately above the lintel,continuous across cavity, 30 mm into the inner leaf two courses above or turnedup against the frame and fastened to it. Extend at least 150 mm beyond theends of the lintels.? At abutments with structural frames or supports: Vertical flashing in the cavityfrom 150 mm wide material, wedged and grouted into a groove in the frameopposite the cavity.? At roof abutments with cavity walls: Cavity flashing immediately above the roofand over-flash the roof apron flashing.Installation: Sandwich flashings between mortar except where on lintels.Pointing: Point up joints around flashings to fill voids.WeepholesGeneral: At ground floors, provide weepholes in the form of open perpends toexternal leaves of cavity walls in the course above cavity flashings.Maximum spacing: Every third perpend.SPECIFICATION Project namePage 16Clearance for timber frame shrinkageIn seasoned timber frame brick veneer construction, leave the following clearancesbetween window frames and brick sill and between roof frames and the brickveneer:? Single storey frames and ground floor windows (not for slab on ground): 10 mm.? Two storey frames and upper floor windows: 20 mm.? Additional clearance: Accommodate additional shrinkage of unseasoned floortimbers.5.7 WALL TIESTie spacing tableSpace ties to the following maximum intervals: MasonryGenerallyAround openings andjoints76 mm high bricks– vertically7 coursesAlternate 3 and 4 courses– horizontally2½ bricksAlternate 1 and 1½ bricks90 mm high bricks– vertically6 courses3 courses– horizontally2 bricks1 brick190 mm high blocks– vertically3 coursesAlternate 1 and 2 courses– horizontally1 block½ block Masonry veneer wallsTop row of ties: Half the horizontal spacing and locate within 250 mm of top of wall.First row of t